Tourist Attractions Near Cairo
While Egypt’s bustling capital is a city brimming with history and culture, the surrounding areas offer a wealth of additional tourist attractions near Cairo, that provide a broader glimpse into Egypt’s rich heritage and natural beauty. From ancient ruins and serene landscapes to bustling markets and picturesque settings, the vicinity of Cairo has much to offer. Here’s a guide to some of the top tourist attractions near Cairo that are well worth a visit.
Giza Pyramids and the Sphinx
No visit to Cairo is complete without a trip to the Giza Plateau, home to one of the most iconic landmarks of ancient Egypt—the Pyramids of Giza. Located about 25 kilometers southwest of Cairo, this complex includes three primary pyramids: the Great Pyramid of Khufu (Cheops), the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure. These monumental structures were built during the Fourth Dynasty of the Old Kingdom and have stood the test of time as a testament to ancient engineering prowess.
The Great Pyramid, the largest of the three, was originally 146.6 meters high and is the only surviving wonder of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Visitors can marvel at the precision of the pyramids’ construction and explore the surrounding necropolis. The Sphinx, a colossal limestone statue with the body of a lion and the head of a Pharaoh (believed to be Khafre), stands sentinel over the pyramids, adding a mystical element to the visit.
Guided tours, camel rides, and even evening light shows are available, providing various ways to experience the grandeur of these ancient marvels.
Saqqara
Located about 30 kilometers south of Cairo, Saqqara is an extensive burial ground that served as the necropolis for the ancient capital of Memphis. It is home to the famous Step Pyramid of Djoser, one of Egypt’s earliest pyramidal structures. Designed by the architect Imhotep, this pyramid marked a significant architectural advancement from the traditional mastaba tombs.
Saqqara also features numerous tombs, including the Tomb of Mereruka and the Tomb of Kagemni, which are renowned for their well-preserved wall carvings and inscriptions. The site offers a fascinating look at the evolution of pyramid construction and ancient Egyptian funerary practices. Saqqara’s vast expanse and significant archaeological finds make it an essential destination for those interested in ancient Egyptian history.
Dahshur
Dahshur, approximately 40 kilometers south of Cairo, is home to two of Egypt’s most interesting pyramids—the Bent Pyramid and the Red Pyramid. These structures are significant for understanding the development of pyramid construction. The Bent Pyramid, built under Pharaoh Snefru, is notable for its unique shape, which changes angle midway up. This architectural anomaly provides insights into the experimental phases of pyramid design.
The Red Pyramid, also constructed by Snefru, is the first successful attempt at building a true, smooth-sided pyramid and is the third-largest pyramid in Egypt. Visitors can explore the interior chambers of these pyramids and enjoy the relative tranquility of Dahshur, which is less crowded than the Giza Plateau.
Fayoum Oasis
Approximately 100 kilometers southwest of Cairo, the Fayoum Oasis offers a refreshing escape from the bustling city. This fertile area is known for its picturesque landscapes, including Lake Qarun, a large saltwater lake that is a haven for birdwatchers. The oasis is also famous for its archaeological sites and natural beauty.
One of the highlights of Fayoum is the Wadi Rayan Waterfalls, a series of cascading falls that flow into a natural lake. The area is perfect for a day trip or an overnight stay, with opportunities for swimming, boating, and exploring the surrounding desert landscapes. Additionally, the ancient city of Karanis and the nearby Pyramid of Hawara provide historical interest.
Alexandria
Situated about 220 kilometers northwest of Cairo, Alexandria is Egypt’s second-largest city and a historical gem on the Mediterranean coast. Founded by Alexander the Great, Alexandria has a rich cultural and historical heritage. The city is renowned for its ancient landmarks, including the Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa, an elaborate burial site with a blend of Egyptian, Greek, and Roman influences.
The Bibliotheca Alexandrina, a modern architectural marvel, pays homage to the Great Library of Alexandria, one of the ancient world’s most significant libraries. The new library is a cultural center housing millions of books and several museums. Visitors can also stroll along the Corniche, a scenic waterfront promenade, and explore the Citadel of Qaitbay, a 15th-century fortress built on the site of the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
The areas surrounding Cairo are rich with historical, cultural, and natural attractions that complement the city’s vibrant atmosphere. From the iconic pyramids of Giza and the ancient necropolises of Saqqara and Dahshur to the serene landscapes of the Fayoum Oasis and the historic charm of Alexandria, these destinations provide a broader perspective on Egypt’s diverse heritage. Whether you’re fascinated by ancient architecture, eager to explore lush oases, or looking to immerse yourself in coastal history, the tourist attractions near Cairo offer a wealth of experiences that promise to enrich your visit to this extraordinary part of the world.
FAQ
How close are the pyramids to Cairo?
The Pyramids of Giza are located approximately 15 kilometers southwest of downtown Cairo. The exact distance can vary slightly depending on the starting point in Cairo and the route taken. Given their relatively short distance from Cairo, visiting the Pyramids of Giza is a straightforward and convenient part of your trip to the city.
What is famous food in Egypt?
Egyptian cuisine is diverse and flavorful, reflecting a blend of Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and North African influences. Here are some famous Egyptian foods that you should try:
Koshari - Often considered Egypt’s national dish, Koshari is a hearty and comforting dish made from a mix of rice, lentils, pasta, and chickpeas, topped with a spiced tomato sauce and crispy fried onions.
Ful Medames - A traditional Egyptian breakfast dish made from fava beans cooked with olive oil, garlic, and spices. It’s typically served with pita bread, and sometimes garnished with tomatoes, onions, and pickles.
Ta'ameya - Egyptian falafel, also known as Ta'ameya, is made from crushed fava beans (rather than chickpeas) mixed with herbs and spices, then deep-fried into patties.
Kunafa - A dessert made from thin, noodle-like pastry soaked in syrup and often layered with cheese or cream. It’s a rich and sweet treat.
Egyptian Tea and Coffee - Egyptian tea is typically strong and served with sugar, while Egyptian coffee (often referred to as Turkish coffee) is rich and thick, often enjoyed with a bit of cardamom.
Egyptian cuisine offers a variety of flavors and dishes that cater to different tastes, and trying these local specialties can provide a delicious glimpse into the country’s culinary traditions.